Potential of Mangosteen Peel Extract (Garcinia mangostana) as Alternative Dye to Eosine in Papanicolaou Buccal Smear Method

Abstract

Introduction: Cytological staining using the Papanicolaou method combines hematoxylin and eosin staining. Eosin gives a red or orange color to acidophilic elements. Mangosteen peel extract has anthocyanin compounds, which turn orange in an acidic environment. This study aims to determine the effect of mangosteen peel extract as a substitute for eosin on buccal smear cytology using the Papanicolaou method.

Method: The location of this study was conducted at the STIKes Mitra Keluarga cytohistotechnology laboratory on February 13-March 3 2023 with an experimental research design. The sample is a buccal smear from 10 students. The sampling technique uses purposive sampling, and the mangosteen peel extract uses the maceration method.

Results: The results showed that dilutions of 1:1 (average: 2.8) and 1:5 (average: 2.85) yielded the lowest results. In contrast, the results were closest to control (average: 4) is retail of 1:3 (average: 3.4). The Normality Test obtains Sig. 0.0001, which shows <0.05, means that Ha is rejected or the data is not normally distributed. So, the non-parametric test was continued, namely the Kruskal-Wallis test. Kruskal Wallis test results sig. 0.0001 event <0.05, which means that Ho is rejected or there is an effect of mangosteen peel extract as an alternative dye to replace eosin in the Papanicolaou method on buccal smear cytology.

Conclusion: Mangosteen peel extract has the potential to stain the cytoplasm as an alternative dye to eosin in buccal smear cytology using the Papanicolaou method. The optimum concentration of mangosteen rind extract solution as a substitute for eosin is 1:3, with the highest average value of 3.4.