Antibacterial Effect Of Amlaki (Phyllanthus Emblica) Extract Against Pseudomonas Aeruginosa

Abstract

Introduction: Natural herbal remedies have shown promising antimicrobial properties and fewer side effects compared to synthetic. In this regard, medicinal plants, Phyllanthus emblica (Amlaki) was investigated for potential antibacterial effect against the most common nosocomial pathogen (Pseudomonas aeruginosa). The experimental study was to determine the antibacterial effect of aqueous and ethanolic extract of P. emblica against standard strains of P. aeruginosa.
Method: The study was conducted during the period of July 2018 to June 2019 in collaboration with the Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics and Microbiology, Mymensingh Medical College, Mymensingh, Bangladesh. Six separate experiments were done e.g. (Expt-I) Determination of the antibacterial activity of aqueous extract of Amlaki (AAE) and (Expt-II) ethanolic extract (EAE) against P. aeruginosa by Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method, (ExptIII) Determination of minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of aqueous extract, (Expt-IV) ethanolic extract, (Expt-V) a standard antibiotic ciprofloxacin against test organism by broth dilution technique and making a comparison with MIC of AAE and EAE and (Expt-VI) Subculture studies of materials from effective AAE, EAE and ciprofloxacin preparations for confirmation of respective results of Experiments III , IV and V.
Results: Aqueous and ethanolic extracts were used in six different concentrations 100 µg/ml, 200 µg/ml, 400 µg/ml, 600 µg/ml, 800 µg/ml and 1000µg/ml. For aqueous extract and ethanolic extracts dose dependent inhibitory effect was observed against the test organism. Showing greater inhibitory effect at the same concentrations[ AAE vs EAE: 6vs6, 6vs8, 7.5vs17, 15.5vs23.5, 24vs25, 27.5vs35]. The MIC of ciprofloxacin was lowest in comparison to MICs of AAE and EAE for the test organism. The subculture studies also confirmed the results of the previous experiments.
Conclusion: This study demonstrates that there is definite antibacterial effect of both aqueous and ethanolic extract
of P. emblica against P. aeruginosa